Teething — what's normal, and what helps?

Most babies get their first tooth around six months, though anywhere from three to twelve months is perfectly normal. As a tooth works its way up through the gum, the area over it can look swollen or slightly red, and your baby may drool more than usual, want to chew on everything within reach, and be fussier — especially at night when there are fewer distractions.

For relief, the safest options are also the simplest. A clean teething ring chilled in the refrigerator gives satisfying counter-pressure that soothes sore gums; just don't freeze it solid, since a rock-hard ring can bruise tender tissue. Gently rubbing the gum with a clean finger or a cool, damp washcloth works well too, and many babies find it comforting. Something cold to gnaw on, like a chilled washcloth, can be a lifesaver on a rough day. And never underestimate the power of extra cuddling — comfort itself helps.

There are a few things to steer clear of. Avoid over-the-counter teething gels and liquids that contain benzocaine: the FDA warns against using these in infants and young children because of a rare but serious condition that reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen. Skip amber teething necklaces as well — they pose both a choking hazard from small beads and a strangulation risk, and there's no good evidence they help. If you want to use a pain reliever on a truly miserable night, check with your pediatrician first about the right choice and dose for your baby's age and weight.

One of the most useful things to know about teething is what it does not cause. Mild fussiness, drooling, and gum soreness are expected. But a true fever (over 100.4°F), diarrhea, vomiting, a runny nose, or a baby who simply seems unwell are not symptoms of teething, even though they sometimes happen around the same time. Blaming those on teething can mean missing an actual illness, so if your baby has any of them, check in with your pediatrician rather than assuming it's just teeth.

Teething is uncomfortable but temporary, and every baby gets through it. If you're ever unsure whether what you're seeing is normal, or you have questions about that first tooth, we're glad to take a look — bringing your baby in by their first birthday is the perfect time to check in.